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Dementia Causes, Symptoms and Common Forms of Dementia

Dementia causes can be attributed to various causes. The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (60 to 70 percent of all cases) . A Vascular (vascular dementia) is much less common (about ten to 20 percent). This includes the hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) or stroke. However, there are mixed forms of Alzheimer’s dementia and vascular variant.

When pick’s disease or frontotemporal dementia, as another special form of the disease is known, in the nerve cells in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain go based. Rare, but again reversible (reversible) forms of dementia caused by, for example :

• Infections: for example, AIDS dementia, prion diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
• Drug intoxication: the so-called Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome caused by alcohol
• Lack of oxygen and space-occupying processes in the brain: normal pressure hydrocephalus (hydrocephalus), meningiomas
• Metabolic Diseases: thyroid disorders, diabetes mellitus

A dementia is also associated with other disorders such as depression or Parkinson’s stand. Other hand, are extremely rare Read more…

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Pneumonia Prevention Tips for Health

Pneumococcal Vaccination To Prevent Pneumonia

Since July 2006 recommends that the Permanent Vaccination Commission at Robert Koch Institute, pneumococcal vaccination for all children as a basic vaccination. If you have not been vaccinated as a child, you should get vaccinated against pneumococcus, if you :
- Older than 65 years, and frequently suffer from infections of the upper airways
- Have a weakened immune system
- Suffer from a chronic illness, for example of chronic bronchitis, coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure or sugar illness (diabetes mellitus)
- The spleen was removed

Flu Vaccination as Pneumonia Prevention

Also, there is a vaccination against influenza. The influenza virus damages the mucosa of the respiratory tract and reduces their defense mechanism. Thus the body becomes more susceptible to pneumonia. The flu vaccine is recommended by the Permanent Vaccination Commission for :

• All persons over 60 years, as the performance of the immune system decreases with age.
• Children and adults with underlying diseases such as, cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension or angina pectoris, lung diseases like asthma, metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, liver and kidney diseases, organ transplantation, HIV infection Read more…

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Diabetes Insulin Therapy and Management

If a therapy with Anti-diabetics is not sufficient with you, you should need a diabetes insulin therapy. That is the case when the insulin-producing cells are exhausted and have stopped production. In this case you get “normally” the so-called “conservative given insulin therapy” prescribed.

In this diabetes treatment (diabetes insulin therapy) you receive certain times when you need to inject a precise amount of insulin: this is usually two or three times per day. You must meet these requirements exactly. Accordingly, you are not very flexible when it comes to postpone meals. Your meals are not exactly distributed according to plan, it can easily lead to hypoglycaemia.

But there are other ways of developing diabetes insulin therapy:

- Diabetes intensified insulin therapy

The intensive insulin therapy is also known as basal-bolus therapy. This form of therapy is performed today in most type 1 diabetics. In the basal-bolus therapy is long-acting insulin and short-acting insulin is used. With two to three injections, with which you inject insulin, a delay, cover the basic needs of your body to insulin. In addition, you get a “normal” acting insulin, with which you meet the needs at mealtime (bolus).

Since the basic need is met, you can plan your meals free and not tied to such a strict timetable. Still need between four and eight injections a day. The resort used insulin types is possible, however, on small Injiziergeräte (such as pens). This is for most people, however, relatively easy. The intensive insulin therapy demonstrated in studies that may be replaced by this (and with the subcutaneous insulin infusion), the late complications of diabetes occur best be prevented.

- Diabetes supplemental insulin therapy

The supplemental (substitute) insulin therapy (SIT) is applied in a diabetic whose pancreas is not itself able to provide the basic care of the body to insulin (Type-2) diabetics. As the term “supplemental” implies, is replaced, only the amount of insulin that is necessary for normal human metabolism.

Usually, the patient injects himself with meals called insulin analogs, which have compared to human insulin, a faster and faster effectiveness. In this way, the blood sugar spikes that are caused by ingestion of food, is prevented. Because of the rapid effect of insulin must be complied with no time lag between injection and meal. This type of diabetes therapy provides people with diabetes also the possibility to freely design his meals, since the insulin dosage is adjusted to the eating carbs and not vice versa.

- Diabetes continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

For the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, you will not have to worry about your insulin injection. They carry a small pump on the body, which is backed by the insulin-basic (Basic). For the bolus, the demand for meals, you simply press a small button on the device.

These pumps are suitable if your metabolism is still healthy. However, you must be very well trained in the use of such a pump and well informed about diabetes and to know the relationship decision. At the same time you need to estimate a degree of “body awareness” in order to possibly symptoms can occur.

Conclusion : There are several ways of insulin therapy, which can come to you when your life changes are used. So it is worthwhile for you to be well informed, because you can discuss with your doctor the best treatment of diabetes.

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Diabetic Nephropathy and Kidney Disease

Diabetic nephropathy, some people also known as Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome and intercapillary glomerulonephritis (nephropatia diabetica) is a progressive disease of the kidneys as a result of a long, not optimally controlled diabetes mellitus – in which poorly treated – the kidney function is more limiting up to dialysis, kidney failure. Around 30% of people with diabetes type 1 and diabetes type 2 occurs approximately 10 years after onset of diabetic nephropathy (nephropathy diabetes), and men are statistically more frequently affected than women, including low birth weight acts as a favorable factor.

The relevant factors in addition to a hereditary predisposition and the long-term quality of glycemic control. Due to the long-standing elevated blood sugar deposits from changes in the renal corpuscles and scarring caused by the natural filtering function of the kidneys fail gradually. The arteries of the renal vessels calcify increasingly, there is an increase in pressure within the renal corpuscle and a general rise in blood pressure.

The onset of the illness passes unnoticed by the patient, when the nephropathy is broken and is not treated, but it usually leads within 2.5 years for chronic renal failure. Only the symptoms of advanced renal injury in the form of foamy urine (due to the increased protein secretion), edema and weight gain or incipient renal failure with itching, exhaustion, headache, anemia, nausea and vomiting are more noticeable. In the laboratory, the excretion of albumin is increased.

The simultaneous determination of albumin and creatinine in urine is the albumin-creatinine ratio a clear indication of diabetic nephropathy :

The value of 30-300 mg / g is known as microalbuminuria (likelihood of nephropathy after 10 years, diabetes mellitus type 1) very high; more than 300 mg / g is called macroalbuminuria (very high probability) even after a shorter diabetes.

If 2 of 3 samples reach these values, it must be of the diabetic nephropathy. At the risk of renal failure is due to the burden of blood vessels in hypertension, the risk of cardiovascular complications increases significantly. Smoking, higher amounts of protein from the diet, elevated blood lipids and obesity potentiate the risk of a heart attack, stroke, thrombosis, or diabetic complications.

Blood sugar must be terminated permanently optimal, lowered blood pressure and so must be the blood fat levels reduced to well below 100. The goal is to reduce protein excretion to less than 0.5 – 1 g per day.

Regular blood and urine tests to the corresponding values of renal function are mandatory. As standard medications are ACE inhibitors or AT1 antagonists, antihypertensive drugs can stop the disease prophylactically.

A well adjusted blood sugar levels, consistent weight control, regular medical checkups and a generally healthy lifestyle (exercise, protein and fats in moderation, do not smoke) to help reduce the risk of diabetic nephropathy, and significantly delay the progression of existing disease.

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The Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes Risk Factors

When excess weight is in relation to the metabolic syndrome (particularly the abdominal type obesity) dangerous, because it happens not only on the number of kilos, but also on the distribution of fat. Fat cells in the abdominal cavity and internal organs have a large influence. Too many fat cells in these areas can lead to a disturbed lipid metabolism and diabetes. When men are at risk with a waist circumference of over 94 cm and women with a waist circumference of more than 80 cm.

The individual factors of the metabolic syndrome (also known as metabolisches syndrom, syndrome métabolique, la sindrome metabolica, síndrome metabólico) do not cause pain and do not manifest themselves in acute symptoms, with the result that the critical challenge is often noticed too late. One can, if we take timely action to prevent a lot to do. Very important: a balanced, healthy diet for diabetes, which includes plenty of vegetables, fruits and carbohydrates and less fat, less salt and sugar. On alcohol and nicotine should be dispensed with.

Experts also stressed repeatedly the importance of exercise and sport in diabetes. Diabetes mellitus in UK and US, also known as la diabetes mellitus en España, diabete mellito in Italia, diabète sucré en France. A slight endurance sports such as glow, jogging or walking is recommended, but a daily walk of fifteen minutes is already useful. It is important for the regularity of the movement.

A diabetes type 2 disease does not develop overnight. For the development and emergence of diabetes are risk factors that influence the disease course. These risk factors which influence the development of diabetes:
• increased blood pressure (via 130:80 mm / hg)
• obesity (body mass index over 30)
• high blood fat levels (above 150 mg / dl)
• high blood sugar levels (above 140 mg / dl)

These four criteria are known together as the metabolic syndrome. The longer are these factors, the higher the likelihood of developing diabetes. The actual risk factors are, however, lack of exercise and poor diet, as this will only benefit the metabolic syndrome.

In type 1 diabetes, there is probably an autoimmune disease where the body’s own immune system is directed against its own cells in the pancreas and destroys them.

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